Patient and Public Involvement (PPI)

What does ‘patient and public involvement in clinical research’ mean?
 
This page offers some basic information in answer to the questions:
Who are ‘patients and the public’?
What is involvement?
What is clinical research?
Why is patient and public involvement in clinical research important?
 
If you would like any more information there are links to other web sites that will provide further guidance and resources.
 
If you are a patient or a member of the public and you want to get involved there are a growing number of research organisations that are looking for people to get involved in their work, including the UKCRC.
 
If you are interested to know more about what the UKCRC is doing you can look at our current projects.

 
Who are ‘patients and the public’?
 
The UKCRC talks about involving ‘patients and the public’.  Other terms are sometimes used to describe people who get involved in research, such as ‘consumers’, ‘service users’ and ‘lay people’.  It is not that one term is right and others are wrong but different groups and individuals may choose to identify themselves in different ways.

By ‘patients and the public’ we include the following:
  • Patients
  • Carers
  • Family members/friends of those involved in clinical research
  • Members of the public who may be targeted by clinical and health research programmes
  • Organisations that represent patients’ and the public’s views
  • Individuals/groups that are affected by health or clinical research issues.
 
 

What is involvement?

For many people involvement in research means taking part in a research study.  For example, this could be by being one of a group of people who are testing a new medicine or by answering questions about your medical history or your life style.

However, there are other ways in which patients and the public can get actively involved in the research process itself, such as involvement in:
  • Setting the research agenda
  • Making decisions about research funding
  • Carrying out research
  • Analysing research data or reporting on research findings
  • Communicating research findings and getting them into practice.
 
This is the type of activity we mean when we talk about ‘patient and public involvement in research’.
 
 
What is clinical research?
 
Clinical research helps us understand how to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent disease.  It focuses on people, and many clinical research studies, such as clinical trials, directly involve patients to test medicines or medical treatments.
 
This type of research is based on examining and observing people with different conditions, and sometimes comparing them with healthy people.
Other clinical studies may not involve patients, and instead use human samples (blood, tissue and cells). Or they might carry out tests such as X-rays, or use existing information.
 
 
Why is patient and public involvement in clinical research important?
 
There are many potential benefits to involving patients and the public in clinical research: 
  • People who use research-based/medical health services are able to offer different perspectives
  • These differing perspectives can help to ensure the prioritisation of research issues important to them and therefore to health care services as a whole
  • This in turn can help to ensure that money and resources are not wasted on research that has little or no relevance
  • Once specific research issues have been prioritised, patient and public involvement can assist in the identification of more relevant outcome measures, rather than the use of those considered important by healthcare professionals
  • Effective patient and public involvement can enthuse those involved to assist with the recruitment of their peers to participate in research, including those who are often marginalised
  • Similarly, enthusiastic involvement can ensure effective dissemination of research results to a wider audience of relevant patient and public organisations
  • The promotion of successful research outcomes can in turn help to ensure that changes are implemented, benefiting all involved